Gadolinium (Gd)
Gadolinia, the oxide of gadolinium, was separated in 1880 and independently isolated from yttria in 1886. This rare earth metal is obtained from gadolinite and several other minerals.
Gadolinium is silvery white with a metallic luster and is both malleable and ductile. The metal is relatively stable in dry air but tarnishes in moist air. It reacts slowly with water and dissolves in dilute acid. Natural gadolinium is comprised of seven isotopes, and 17 are actually recognized in total.
Gadolinium has superconductive properties and improves the workability, temperature, and oxidation resistance of iron, chromium, and other alloys.